Some statistics that are collected by Youth Workers in the centre. Categorised by the way the young person engages with the service, for example, a young women will be counted as 1 if she enters the centre though she may be counted specifically as 1 in a group of many who are there for a structured program. The capacity of how and why young people use or visit the centre is important for many reasons, many to do with providing adequate response to need, and backing up claims for funding, though what these statistics also provide is an understanding of types of young people who the service does not cater for or engage with. Statistics are important if you wish to monitor and coordinate an inclusive service.
Friday, 27 January 2012
Thursday, 26 January 2012
Space - Surveillance, Panopticon power
So the yellow bits indicate where the windows or glass walls are and what sort of view this creates from the rooms and office space. It clearly has a surveillance function, the position of the office is much like the position of the guard tower in Jeremy Bentham's Panopticon though not as deceptive in its power game but equally effective in keeping an eye on things.
I would think that the computer space, marked with a c on the map and indicated through two X's could be a spot where Young People could equally watch, for being watched, or keep a look out for approaching workers. As is the same with the space outside under the tree as shown on previous map blog.
Youth Culture
Young people belong to many strands, of cultural groupings; they align themselves with others in fragmented ways, and construct their own identity narrative. I do not see the punks on one side and the hip hoppers on the other, what I see daily are mergers, a fragmentation has occurred on many levels creating distinctions and nuanced accounts of the self in relation to ‘other’ and groups. In the centre, young people who could be at first impression (through articulations of their chosen clothing and attire) could be labelled as ‘sporty’ or ‘metallers’ or ‘shufflers’, ‘gamers’, ‘goth’ etc etc. Though empirically they are neither one nor the same. Hybridized Youth, they take with them what it is about various medias and subcultures, those that they find appealing, and align with themselves, for fashion reasons, sensibilities or political motivations, they find articulation of a sense of self through borrowing, aligning as bricolage - or a bio-chemical process considered as a elective affinity groups.
Recently while looking into Youth Cultures a journal article from Hodkinson (2005) became handy in thinking over ethnography in relation to Youth Cultural research. Hodkinson (p137) quotes Muggleton about authenticity, in research and Youth Culture in general. Those who merely ‘adopt’ an unconventional appearance without possessing the necessary ‘inner’ qualities are regarded . . . as ‘plastic’, ‘not real’ . . . a subcultural ‘Other’ against which the interviewees authenticate themselves. (Muggleton 2000, p. 90)
Hodkinson confirms the importance and relief expressed by some of the young Goth interviewee’s in his study. He states that it was important that members of the Goth subculture felt comfortable in talking with him, and that his insider status enabled a smooth transition of conversation and allowed him to channel appropriate topics of conversation, his own authentic history of involvement within the subculture allowed for exchanges of Goth gossip, antidotes and a two way exchange rather than a direct question and answer style of interviewing
Not too long ago the centre took on a student Youth Worker on their work placement, a requirement set by the college. On this students first shift a group of young men who frequent the centre were observing and making criticisms amongst themselves, how this student placement worker, dressed, their style, fashion, manner, and way the worker was interacting with the young people. Noticing this I approach the boys and asked how they were, what they were up to today and the like. It took less than a minute until one of the boys, (the leader if you will) asked me directly who the new guy was, why he was there and if he had started to work with us, implying a permanence to the position. My answers were brief as I explained he was on his placement and that they should say hello and make him feel welcome. In response the leader of the group referred to the new guy as ‘lame’, ‘dickey’ and ‘in need of some serious advice on his chosen look.’ Alliances were re-forged as the group continued to pick at the ‘try hard’ for his lack of authenticity and differences in direct comparison to myself (who has an established and long lasting rapport with the group). The attack lasted only for a few short sentences in which fun was made at the expense of the ‘new guy’. Another comment from one of the young people brought attention to the choice of style and clothing of the student/worker. ‘Who dresses like that nowadays’, ‘what, does he think we are in America, try hard’.
This interaction is quite insightful into the inner workings of the group. The process of value making or judgement is in direct comparison to themselves and the choices one has in producing their identity in terms of fashions and styles, and how displaying those choices such as through the way they dress. Shirts or shoes become signal of identity and as an essential clue about the essence of the person. Somewhat never truly as one coherent thing but an alignment of symbols and signs of culture, attributed to the politics of the person.
Other things can be said about this scenario such as the age-old trope ‘us and ‘them’ as ‘other’, the group is what it is not or the shock of the new, challenges the normative social climate. Things brought in, how are they valued and placed in the group, how is integration worked on? What becomes an obstacle for the group and what must they align themselves with in order to thoroughly integrate or risk feeling ill at ease with and resist each other. How does one find legitimization within a group? What is a subculture?
Thursday, 19 January 2012
Young person Map 1
Map 1
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This is a map of the centre where I work, the Key on the right may help with understanding the shape and function/flow of the building, I hope it is not to tedious. This was drawn up at home away from the space where I was trying to imagine it as best as I could. I specifically chose not to use floor plan/maps that were readily available from my work place (in the form of an evacuation signage, found in most government buildings) and not to be on site while drawing it up, simply as an exercise, to explore conceptualizing, arranging and the displaying of symbols, those that make up a text. Following this map, I will publish a map drawn up by one of the young people who uses the centre quite regularly. Both maps may also be used to add depth to future articulations where necessary. For example, the maps could be used to acknowledge the flow of traffic within the centre (simply with a few directive arrows and a red pen), making quite a helpful conceptual extension of any literary description and forming a suitable ground for further sociological explanations.
Sunday, 15 January 2012
Pro-activity- Thought and Management
The role that the centre, through
other youth workers and myself, plays, in relation to the way a young person
interacts with the space and its inhabitants is crucially built upon and
re-build with every visit. Without sounding to general or definitive I stress
the fact that even the most confident, comfortable and seasoned of visitors
seem to accesses the centre with an element of caution. Maybe because of
staffing changes and past moments of ‘fill in’ workers or a casual pool that
stretches so far to allow once a month shifts for staff that young people
finding troubling, this lack consistency in staffing acknowledging yet another
instability in their lives. Or maybe it is the way the space is laid out. It
does share similar qualities to that which Jeremy Bentham considers as
Panopticon, (this I will come back to) visually and for a functional purpose.
These topics connect with the very heart of Youth Workers (specifically the
team I work with) motivations. Such considerations drive the functionality of
the centre, they appear within the ‘mission statements’ and find articulation
through Youth Workers, the team as a unit and it solidifies within the actions
of regular visitors. They could also be regarded as part of the social
structure, the accepted terms or user agreements; they essentially provide a
solid backbone to the way people use the space and how the space is managed.
Take for example the position of the office and the staff within the space. As
a young person enters the front doors, actually even before the young person
enters the doors, three of the four, desk spaces that the youth workers find
themselves stationed at, have views out the front door and into the forecourt
where the young persons enter from. A good youth worker makes sure to greet
young people as they enter whenever possible. Having this sort of practice is
one thing but having an office space, building and its furniture, set out with
this in mind is another more pro-active way of considering and managing a space
for its use. Space is a factor that enables some and disables others. Take for
example the way the spaces in an airport are controlled, managed and purpose
built, or a courtroom, a line at the post office or a youth centre. People seem
to need to be managed in these scenarios for one reason or another and based on
those reasons a ‘code’ is written, whether officially in a ‘code of conduct’ or
historically and less officially as implied like that of cueing for a bus at
the bus stop. Some of these codes we choose to live by, others seem like they
just are the way they are, for good or bad reason, to conform or be subject to
conformity can be shaped by the spaces we move and how we need to move within
them.
¨¨¨
Recently a conversation has been
floating around the office that goes something like this: it is hard to
comprehend that only nine months ago a few of the young people that frequent
the centre were unapproachable, they reacted badly to assistance or concern,
they provoked an authority in staff and had no care for the centre (in which
they received most of their support) no sense of ownership (which is a big
Youth Work issue) and a general lack of care for themselves. Retrospectively,
this conversation acts as a form of positive reinforcement, simply because, at
present these few young people concerned have fostered a massive shift in
attitude to the centre, to themselves and to the staff.
The conversation brings up a
positive outcome ascertained through pro-active Youth Work based around a few
key movements. Active involvement, engagement, and support, show genuine
interest in the young persons well being and considering creatively how best to
address the past, present and future issues that are coming to the surface. The
notions brought up in this conversation refer to staff and practices of staff,
in so far as the approaches undertaking by Youth Workers in dealing with young
people and their actions within the centre. They are to be acknowledged as
Cause and Effect of positive change, in reflection of staff, team, and client,
social dynamics. In past times there have been Youth workers that engage with
young people more negatively than positively. It is not the purpose of these
writings to go in to such a thing but for the context of this reflection, it is
in direct opposition to this negativity that change has occurred in the centre
and made for a safe, honest and trusting environment that fosters rapport.
Reflecting upon the positive atmosphere and change, staff contributing to this
conversation agree, it is in our approach to working with young people that
change was fostered and initiated. It is directly related to being on the
floor, available for interaction and honest in your approach – for one thing is
certain, young people sense authenticity and more so those that lack
authenticity. Worker’s, who sit in the office and disengage themselves from
possible interactions, alienate themselves from clients. And those who only
interact by ‘laying down the law’ struggle to gain respect.
¨¨¨
Ethnography is a form of learning
through engaging with culture, getting to the essence of what constructs a certain
grouping, what makes them ‘tick’ or put another way, what conditions and
alignments are valued and re-produced. Using my place of employment and the
client base that frequent the centre as my focus, I need to be critical in my
approach as to let go of what I think I know about the space and its
inhabitant. Easy errors in researching ‘what you think you know’ can emerge
simply because of the lack of distance between yourself and the research
subjects. Rather than falling back on ‘what I think I know’, a few directional
and motivational questions surround my thoughts. Questions such as, what holds
this situation together? How are they reproduced, valued or categorised? How is
social mobility recognized, altered or enabled through change? What is happening?
(Zeitgeist) How was it dealt with? What things, materials or social actions
were drawn upon in order to deal with this moment?
Distancing yourself from subjects
for the purpose of research may reveal quite different nuanced account of
events that may not have been so easily recognisable, valued or seen to be of
any significance. On the other hand, having an insiders edge, may contribute to
the unveiling of otherwise unavailable knowledge productions, accounts that are
so specifically refined to a group that it requires the positioning of an
insider and their perspective to voice and deconstruct the interpretation.
¨¨¨
During my undergrad years I
witnessed many younger students struggle with sociological theory, the words
can at times be hard, the concepts strenuous and applying it to ‘real’ life is
at times more difficult than it should be. Being a mature age student in my
years of university meant that I could reflect of my years in the world, my
working life and social experiences helped to make ‘real’ what sociologist had
to offer me. I do not mean to say that I understand all sociology has to offer
just because I have lived a little longer than some other students, for some
peers of my age choose not to think about anything, especially sociologically speaking.
Though my direction as a person, as a man, as a youth worker, as a historical,
present and evolutionary process, as somebody who generally cares about the
workings of the world, the structures that shape and guide our actions and
essentially divide us in terms of, access to power, social validation and
finding a sense of worth, then and here, sociology theory and practice has
helped me to develop and understand the world as if enabled to manage and
change it from within.
Sunday, 8 January 2012
Youth Worker Ethnography
Saturday 12 - 4
Band practice day for one group who were waiting at the door for the
centre to open- these guys are uni age, just finished school and they have a
nice manner about them; a good demeanour. They bring all their own gear for
their practice and get on with it slightly more systematically than other
younger bands or performers that come to the centre. These guys have just
started to play some gigs outside of the area and in the city; they show a
mature sophistication in their approach and dedication to their music practice. I am not charging this young group for their practice session because
of the interest and maturity that they show, this is the one way I can show my
appreciation for their efforts. I also have been trying to support this band with
gaining more performance time and encouraging them to play to as many crowds as
possible.
One of the main tasks I have taken on lately within the centre has been
to manage and promote the weekly performance night with young bands and
performers. This night usually consists of 2 youth bands performing between 6pm
and 730pm; bands are welcome to invite any family or friends of any age. The
night has been developed with specific intent on supporting young musicians and
performers alike by supplying a regular space and professional equipment,
including a sound technician, at no cost.
I have recently begun thinking about how I might
contribute to the culture found in the centre at its various stages and what
effect this could have. As a researcher you find yourself considering the how’s
and why’s of your own position against or in reference to the subject and how
this shapes the interpretations you then take up and offer. As youth worker the
position is guided by a set of terms such as, ‘professional boundaries’, ‘duty
of care’, ‘mandatory reporting’ and ‘ethics’ and then it filters down into your
own judgements, discretion and common practices. Trying to distance myself, as
researcher at the same time as being Youth Worker is a task not for the faint
hearted or easily swayed. I find youth subjects of immense interest; though at
times (while being youth worker/researcher) I have to shut down, police, and
intervene – staff, in the name of a harmonious centre, policing this
room-to-move young people find, to some degree. Anyway to be clear, I observe (as
researcher) and intervene, as my job requires me to do. This conflict of
interest I face at the moment cannot be whinged about too much, for how many
out there get to work in an environment they enjoy, with subjects of academic
interest and get support from other members of staff to pursuit interests and
get paid for the effort. My point here is, there can be difficulties found,
felt and possibly overcome when working in the place of research. An insider
status can be valuable on one hand and burdensome on the other.
So my role
as Youth Worker enables an insider status to some degree – but this must be
understood in relation to the job and the young people. For as much as I can
say I have more trust and rapport with these young people than some parents,
peers and authorities of any description, I am still at a distance from what
the ‘essence’ of group solidarity implies. Simply by the position I hold and
the job I must do. Yet I contribute to the way in which the group can respond
to the centre, their culture and the wider world. In this respect Youth Workers
can gain a lot from the practice of ethnography and the chronicle of theory
driven investigations that has developed through the discipline of sociology.
With the application or consideration of theory and the working of an alignment
towards practice, a Youth Worker can activity seek out information to help
manage the client, they will find key informants, aligning themselves with the
group in a way similar to an ethnographer as to try and gain ‘insider’
knowledge, to better manage and interpret the group. Essentially, having a
genuine care or interest in the group poses a political perspective that seeks
to reveal the very appreciation one has for a subject, similarly the
ethnographer must have some questions, concepts or interest worth pondering
over in order to get on with the research. And in both cases (ethnographer and
youth worker) having a body of knowledge, interpretations and sets of
guidelines to work with, establishes a worthwhile and valuable
social trajectory. Something I recently read sums this point up perfectly, it
is from Clifford Geertz 1973 publication, The Interpretation of Cultures, it specifically considers the theoretical
positioning of an anthropologist while articulating the disciplinary mechanics
involved in knowledge making, and the importance of the interpreter and what is
interpreted, in the various processes of (re-) interpretation.
Studies do build on other
studies, not in the sense that they take up where the others leave off, but in
the sense that better informed and better conceptualized; they plunge more
deeply into the same things. Every serious cultural analysis starts from a
sheer beginning and ends where it manages to get before exhausting its
intellectual impulse. Previously discovered facts are mobilized, previously
developed concepts used, previously formulated hypotheses tried out; but the
movement is not from already proven theorems to newly
proven ones, it is from an awkward fumbling for the most elementary
understanding to a supported claim that one has achieved that and surpassed it.
A study is an advance if it is more incisive-whatever that may mean-than those
that preceded it; but it less stands on their shoulders than, challenged and challenging, runs by their side. (P.12)
The thing I enjoy most about this paragraph is the open-endedness or that air of freedom to explore it expresses. With control, by the dynamics of appropriation, insight and comparisons, a trajectory is set, theoretical frameworks are to be refer to, built on and surpassed, with some awkward fumbling, a discovery meets supported claim.
Labels:
culture,
ethnography,
research,
sociology,
youth,
youth work
Sunday, 1 January 2012
somewhere
The place I work is a Youth Service for young people
12-24yrs old, it is funded by the state government and belongs to a division of
local government that also looks after other community services including,
child care, adult care, disability services, town and regional libraries, local
amenities, club houses and community/public arts.
The venue in which the Youth service runs from is
located in the centre of town and is accessible by all local transport. It is
open Tuesday to Friday after school hours and during the day on Saturday. The
building is approx 30m by 40m and consists of 2 study/meeting rooms joining a
thoroughfare that links the impressive Auditorium to the Drop -In space and Art
room, Music room, and Kitchen. The building also hosts a large (the same space
the building takes up) forecourt and has external garage access and side
security exit doors and pathways. The centre has existed for 15 yrs and was
previously an art gallery.
A brief description of some of the spaces within the
space will follow but first I must be clear I do not intend to analyse the
space in its totality and how it relates to the body, though it may come up,
nor do I want to describe the space in its total meaningfulness and give it
complexity, though that also may come to the surface. I choose precisely to compile
these ramblings, thoughts and intelligent observations as fragments of a
greater ensemble. Some fragments will endorse a youth worker's diary type prose and other posts hope to inflate
discussion and add thought to interconnected Youth Sociologies, ethnographies, fieldwork and alignments between social work contexts and practices and
sociological theory and the practice of writing about culture.
Spaces in the space:
Forecourt
- this space is a paved area located at the front of the building. It is
surrounded by a curving wall and has access to the street, the park adjacent to
the building and the building. From the street directly in front of the centre
a set of 12 stairs allows access down into the paved forecourt. 2 skateboard
ramps and a purpose built skateboarding fun box are fixed toward the front of
the paved forecourt, near to the stairs. In the middle of the forecourt a
basketball ring and backboard hangs facing northeast. Directly in front of the
stairs across the forecourt, past the basketball ring is the automatic double
glass doors that give public access to the centre and are controlled from a
switch in the office.
Drop –In
Space - has an age restriction 12-18yrs in this room there
is table games, 1 table tennis, 1 air hockey, 1 pool table, table soccer, 2
computers with Internet connection, 1 wall mounted and encased flat screen TV
and Nintendo Wii console. Also in this room is a large dinning room table some
scattered seats and 2 and 3 seater lounge suites. This space is also used as an
exhibiting space for young peoples artwork. This space has access to the
kitchen, art room, music room, and cleaner’s room and office space.
Auditorium
- the right wing of the building this space has a capacity for approx 200
people. There is a stage and a backstage area with access to one of the
office/meeting rooms and to the rear of the space there is a bar area used for
functions. Generally lighting and sound desks occupy this space, (equipment for
performances requiring amplification and lighting) at the back of the room
there is access to the garage and kitchen space. The room is equipped with a
high quality sound system and amplification accessories, microphones, leads,
etc. and stage lighting. The stage stands one metre high and is approx 5m wide
and 3m deep, to the left of the stage a platform connects the security access
double doors and floor space (2 steps down or sweeping down the ramp toward the
back of the space) with the stage area and backstage/green room space.
Art room
– fits approx 40 people along the tables and benches used to make art on. A
storage room overflowing with paints, brushes and kits made up of art materials
for young people to use sits on the northern end of the long room behind a
lockable door. There is a sink and taps to the left of the storage space and
cupboards line the eastern wall from the storage room down to the southern end
of the room where young people store drying art works and works in progress.
The art room is used very regularly by young people in structured programs and
for unstructured or drop –in activities. Particularly good use of this space
comes specifically from the Youth Artist in Residence program. Yearly a few
young people are given the chance to develop and hone their artistic skills by
being given special access to the art space and it’s materials plus $1000 to
spend on their art making in anyway they choose. This successful program
connects the artists with other community arts programs in and outside the
centre and allows for a peer-mentoring roll to develop if the artist wishes to
collaborate with other young people. Most structured art programs and drop – in
art activities involve the Artist in Residence at their will. There is much to
say about these programs and initiatives, the role they play, who and what
benefits, why it seems successful and who gets to make the decisions, etc. I
hope to get back to them in future.
Music room
- is a soundproof practice room fully equipped with a drum kit and 2 guitar and
1 bass amplifiers and a vocal PA for young bands to practice with. This room is
approx 4m2. On entry to the music room a storage space holds games,
balls and sports equipment along with an impressive variety of musical
instruments (e.g. guitars, drums, turn tables, keyboard and percussion
instruments) and music spare parts. (e.g. drum skins, guitar strings, guitar
pedals and electrical cords)
The centre has 1 coordinator and 1 administration support
worker, along with a team of 2 full time Youth Development Workers, 1 Links to
Learning Coordinator and 1 full time tutor and a team of 8 casual Youth
Workers. Some of the casual workers also fill temporary or contracted positions
in the centre and in other external venues the service supports. The centre is
always staffed with at least 2 Youth Workers when open for young people.
Through the front doors and into the centre you first
notice the glassed in office space. A few lounges sit in the lobby area along
with a table of service paraphernalia, info on the wall, fact sheets, and health
and lifestyle resources. There is also a coke machine, a water bubbler and a
pay telephone in the lobby area and access to 2 meeting rooms (one to the left
and one to the right) the main office door. The path extends through the middle
of the building, as it leads around there are 2 access doors to the Auditorium (right)
and three notice boards (left), another couch/lounge sits along one corner, and
access to the Disabled, Young men’s and Young Women’s restroom/toilets. At the
end of the hallway is another access point with double safety exit doors
leading into the Drop- In space.
The centre is air-conditioned and the only natural
light that shines inside is from the front doors or the skylight just inside
the front doors, all the lighting is fluorescent/safety lighting. The building
has back external exit doors that have restricted access causing the central
hall/pathway to have a central bidirectional flow in and out through the front
doors. Young people are not given access through any other doors unless
supervised.
Doors opened at 3pm and a few young people wondered
in and went about the usual way, on to the computers to check-in to facebook, some
played games and others got a can of drink from the machine and waited for
others to arrive while having a smoke. Smoking is very popular amongst youth
that frequent the centre; many young people support each other’s habits and
share their cigarettes when they have some and visa-versa.
Yesterday a few refined a can machine scam. Somehow (the
way the coins are put in and buttons are held/pushed in relation to the coins
dropping) the group manages to get 2 or even 3 cans of drink out of the coke
machine for the cost of one. Shouting and chanting how awesome they were they
carry away the cans and basking in their glory. And returning a.s.a.p to try
again and share out the takings. This technique becomes a resource, one that
takes on a similar motivation as paid labour and lives out as cultural capital,
the few who own the scam are ensured to get a free can, simply by practicing
the trick for other young people (using the ‘others’ money) and not sharing the
specifics to how the trick works with ‘others’. The drink is important,
essentially they want one, the trick gives value for money but also becomes a
tool to utilize when finances are low, and importantly it becomes another way
the group can distinguish themselves from the rest (by keeping their secret)
and find a sense of fluidity and agency in their world.
The young people with the coke machine trick are
regular users of the centre. Most days when the doors are open they can be
found either waiting to come in, to jump online, log in to facebook or not too
far away, up in the local shopping area or park adjacent to the centre. These
guys do not seem to have much in the way of material possessions or access to
much money. The group consists of both boys and girls from differing areas of
the surrounding suburbs. At a first glance they seem like a very eclectic, even
odd, group. The one thing about them that I have learnt is that they all
challenge authority and have little to no respect for Police or any form of
‘justice’ worker, such as prison officers, court officials and juvenile justice
or youth offender social workers. These guys hang around the streets most days
and sit in the local shopping mall; they are loud, highly visual and young,
making them an easy target of aggressive ‘move on’ strategies that condemn
loitering. Added to this my observations of this group as distant from the rest
of the community, a distance perpetuated into a ‘way of being’. Having been
told time and time again to leave the shopping mall outside seating or being
forced to manage their selves better, integrate, assimilate, and control their
emotions – in a world that gives them little nourishment, support or
acceptance.
I find myself at times at odds with my work,
especially in a ‘who the cap fits’ mentality of service providing. I believe
that all young people are conditioned, hardened and referential to their place
in the world, and how that place has been managed in reference to the system as
a whole and the micro-workings of the world in which they find themselves. The
ones around them essentially fuck up all young people: there is no such thing
as the right way, the natural or the lucky. We are all products of our social
environments, though we can intervene, those who intervene and interpret our social
conditions help us in the construction and comprehension of it’s shape. Because
I have this view, all young people become not only a reflection of histories,
both personal and shared, the context of their situation and the alignment of
their needs with the equation of society as a whole, but a depiction of the mechanics
of social order, and how it is produced and reproduced.
Youth worker – Ethnographer – observer, facilitator,
interpreter, support worker, advocate, activist. Proactive Youth Work
theoretically and in practice conceptually interconnects with the discipline
and practices of ethnography. Assessing, connecting, voicing and observing to
guide a subject, a thought, or a ‘serious’ whim – one of flexibility in
interpretation yet backbone in support and structure. Encouraging automaticity,
agency and detailed accounts of the discovered next to the yet to discover.
This project is an explorative effort fostering a link
between Youth Work and Ethnography, thought and practice, agency and structure,
sociological theory and action.
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